You
can see everything at a glance.(一覽而盡)
The
Jin Dynasty in China lasted for 154 years and was divided into two periods.
The
Western Jin Dynasty, which lasted from 266 to 316 AD, was so named because its
capital was located in Luoyang.
Luoyang
is a city with a long history. Its urban planning is meticulous, with roads
arranged like a chessboard and each area clearly demarcated.
In
316 AD, the capital of the Western Jin Dynasty was captured by the nomadic
Former Han Kingdom in northern China. The king was killed and the dynasty fell.
Following
this, a member of the Western Jin royal family established the Eastern Jin
Dynasty in southern China. This dynasty lasted from 317 to 420 AD, with its
capital at Jiankang.
The
person responsible for the urban planning of Jiankang was Wang Dao, the prime
minister of the Eastern Jin dynasty.
Jiankang
is now Nanjing, China. The city is located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze
River. It is surrounded by mountains to the east, south and north and by the
Yangtze River to the west.
When
designing Jiankang's architecture, Wang Dao made the city's roads extremely
circuitous and curvy.
At the time, Wang Dao was criticized for his poor urban planning, with some arguing that he should have based Nanjing on Luoyang's urban planning concepts.
They cited the example of a prominent general named Huan Wen.
Huan Wen was in charge of Xuzhou and constructed its roads in a grid pattern.
Upon hearing these arguments, Wang Dao's grandson offered a sensible rebuttal.
He
told them, "Wang Dao's wisdom surpasses yours, and his foresight is
profound and unmatched."
The
area where Jiankang is located is hilly, unlike the flat plains of northern
China. Therefore, he believed that Jiankang should not be built based on
Luoyang's urban planning concepts.
In
addition to the unsuitable terrain, Luoyang's urban planning had another flaw:
all the roads in the city were straight and laid out in a grid pattern. This
simplistic design allowed both our forces and the enemy to see everything at a
glance. We are currently in a period of conflict and war with the nomadic
tribes in the north. If our cities were built like Luoyang, they would not be
conducive to military defence.
Wang
Dao took our military, economic and political needs into account before deciding
on this circuitous and indirect approach to building Jiankang.
This
idiom literally means 'to see everything at a glance'.
Dear
friends, what insights or inspiration have you gained from this story?
Do
you think the urban planning of your city is sound? Do you think your country's
leaders have foresight?
I
hope this story has given you something new to think about.
一覽而盡(You can see everything at a glance.)
中國的晉王朝維持了154年，晉王朝分為兩個時期。
西元266年到西元316年稱為西晉王朝，首都位於洛陽市。
洛陽市歷史非常悠久的城市，這座城市的城市規劃的非常的整齊，整座城市中的道路就像是一塊棋盤一樣，每個區域都劃分的非常的清楚。
西元316年，中國北方一個由遊牧民族建立的前漢王國攻佔了西晉王朝的首都後，西晉王朝的國王被殺，西晉王朝滅亡。
西晉王朝滅亡後，有一個西晉王朝的王室成員在中國的南方成立東晉王朝，西元317年到西元420年稱為東晉王朝，首都位於建康市。
主導建康市的城市規劃者是東晉王朝的首相，這個首相的名字叫做王導。
建康市就是現在中國的南京市。
建康城市在長江的下游，建康市的東方南方與北方被山脈包圍，西邊就是長江。
王導在設計建康市的建築規劃時，他把這座城市中的各條道路建築成非常的迂迴與彎曲。
當時有些人批評王導，這些人認為王導的城市規畫非常的不好，這些人認為王導應該要根據洛陽城的城市規畫概念來建築南京城。
這些人提出一個人當作例子，這個人是當時的一個著名的名字叫做(桓溫)的將軍。
(桓溫)負責管理徐州市，他就把這座城市中的道路建造成像是棋盤一樣的筆直。
王導的孫子聽到這些話後很理性地反駁這些人。
王導的孫子對這些人說。
王導的智慧比你們更高，他的考慮非常深遠是你們這些人所無法比擬的。
建康市所在的這個區域內是丘陵地形，這塊土地不像是中國北方的平原地形一樣平整。所以他認為不應該沿襲建造洛陽市的城市規劃觀念來建設建康市。
除了地形不適合之外，洛陽市的城市規畫方式還有一個缺點，城市中的每條路都像是棋盤一樣的筆直，這種城市規劃太簡單了，不管是我們或是敵人，只要看一眼就可以看到全部的事物。
我們現在正處於北方的遊牧民族對抗與戰爭的時期，我們的城市如果建設的跟洛陽市一樣，這並不利於我們的軍隊的防守。
王導綜合考量了我們在軍事還有經濟還有政治上面的種種需要，他最後才會決定用用這種迂迴與彎曲的方式來建設建康市。
這句成語直接翻譯的意思是只要看一眼就可以看到全部的事物。
親愛的朋友，你聽完這個故事有什麼樣的或有什麼樣的啟發呢。
你所住的城市的城市規畫你認為好嗎?你認為你的國家的領導者有沒有遠見呢?
我希望這個故事能讓你產生一些新的收穫。
出處為世說新語-言語-102條