終身不齒(These people will never become full
citizens again in their lifetime.)
本部落格寫作緣起，原是為了向國際友人介紹中華文化。因此行文中，為求簡明易懂，例如將皇帝、王等傳統頭銜，統一簡化為國王，並盡量直稱其名。此為譯介之便，非為考據之疏。若您欲查閱嚴謹史料，請以文末所附典籍出處為準。
(戴聖)是漢王朝時代的一個重要的儒家學者。
他蒐集了許多儒家的文章，編著成為一本書。這本書就是(禮記)。
這本書中詳細地記載了中國古代的周王朝的典章制度，在這本書中紀錄了生活在這個社會的每個階層的人應該遵守的禮儀與規範，這本書中也詳細地記錄了當時的社會上的各種典章制度與統計資料。
周王朝的時代除了用法律來管理百姓之外還會用道德與教育來讓百姓了解當時的禮儀與規範，這本書中有一章中記錄了那個時代的一個部門，這個部門主要負責管理全國的土地與百姓的戶籍，這個部門還要負責利用各種方式來讓百姓變得更有文化。
這個部門的最高領導者的官職名稱為司徒，他領導這個部門制定了人們在日常生活中的各種禮儀來讓百姓們可以遵循，他還負責用很多方式來推廣道德教育，他還負責制定合宜的法令來規範人民的行為。
周王朝的時代，已經建立的一套非常完整的道德標準與風俗習慣，他們那個時代特別要求人們必須尊敬年長者並且孝順父母，政府單位要主動協助救濟孤兒與獨居老人和貧困的家庭。
周王朝的時代為了推廣這一套完整的道德標準與風俗習慣，政府與民間會相互配合，中央政府會主動表揚那些品德很好且很有聲望的人，這些人會協助中央政府來教育所有的百姓如何提升自己的道德水平。
我們生活的這個社會中，難免會有一些人不遵循道德的規範，這些人可能會做一些壞事，這些人被規勸後仍然會堅持不改正自己錯誤的行為，在周王朝的時代如果遇到這類型的人，他們會給這些人至少兩次以上的機會去檢討與改正自己的行為。
若是這些人在兩次的規勸之後仍然不願意改變，這些人就會被要求要搬離都市到鄉村中去生活，若這些人在鄉村中仍舊堅持自己的不好的行為而不願意改變，那麼這些人最後會被驅逐出境，這些人將會失去正式公民的身分，這些人一輩子都無法再次成為正式的公民，這些人將無法再行使公民的權利與享受公民的福利。
這句成語直接翻譯的意思是這些人一輩子都無法再次成為正式的公民。
這句成語被用來形容一個人永遠無法再被一個組織錄用，或一個人永遠失去被某個組織任用的資格。
親愛的朋友，你聽完這個故事有怎樣的啟發或有怎樣的想法呢。
你的國家有那些公民道德教育措施呢?你是否遇過這種反社會型的人格的人呢?
我期待這故事能讓你產生一些新的收穫。
出處為禮記-王制
https://zh.wikisource.org/zh-hant/%E7%A6%AE%E8%A8%98/%E7%8E%8B%E5%88%B6
These people will never become full
citizens again in their lifetime.(終身不齒)
This blog was originally created to
introduce Chinese culture to international friends. For the sake of simplicity
and ease of understanding, traditional titles such as 'emperor' and 'king' have
been simplified to 'king', and the names have been used as directly as
possible. This is for the convenience of translation, not historical research.
If you wish to consult rigorous historical materials, please refer to the
sources listed at the end of the article.
Dai Sheng was an important Confucian
scholar during the Han dynasty.
He collected many Confucian texts and
compiled them into a book. This book is the Book of Rites.
It provides detailed accounts of the
institutions and systems of the Zhou dynasty in ancient China. It sets out the
etiquette and norms that people of every social class should abide by. The book
also contains various institutional systems and statistical data from that
period.
As well as governing the people through
law, the Zhou dynasty used morality and education to instil etiquette and norms
in its people. One chapter of the book describes a department from that era
that was primarily responsible for managing the land and household registration
of the entire nation. This department was also responsible for using various
methods to promote culture among the people.
The department's highest-ranking official,
the Situ (司徒), led the department in establishing
various etiquette rules for daily life, promoting moral education and
formulating laws to regulate behaviour.
The Zhou dynasty established a
comprehensive set of moral standards and customs. They particularly emphasised
respect for elders and filial piety towards parents. Government agencies played
an active role in providing support to orphans, elderly people living alone and
impoverished families.
In order to promote this complete set of
moral standards and customs, the government and the people worked together. The
central government actively commended individuals of high moral character and
prestige who helped educate the population on how to improve their moral
standards.
In any society, some people will inevitably
not follow moral norms. Such individuals may engage in wrongdoing, persisting
in their erroneous behaviour even after being advised against it. During the
Zhou dynasty, such individuals were given at least two opportunities to reflect
on and correct their behaviour.
If they still refused to change after two
admonitions, they would be required to move from the city to the countryside.
If they continued their bad behaviour in the countryside, they would eventually
be deported. these people will never
become full citizens again in their lifetime, meaning they would be unable to
exercise their civic rights or enjoy their civic benefits.
This idiom literally means that these people will never become full citizens again
in their lifetime.
It is used to describe someone who can
never be employed by an organisation again or who has permanently lost
eligibility for employment.
Dear friend, what inspiration or thoughts
did you gain from this story?
What civic education measures does your
country have? Have you ever encountered someone with antisocial personality
disorder?
I hope this story gives you some new
insights.