真知灼見(Genuine understanding and clear
insights)
本部落格寫作緣起，原是為了向國際友人介紹中華文化。因此行文中，為求簡明易懂，例如將官員職稱，統一簡化轉譯為現今通用的名稱。此為譯介之便，非為考據之疏。若您欲查閱嚴謹史料，請以文末所附典籍出處為準。
中國的明王朝有一個著名的小說家與劇作家，他的名字叫做馮夢龍(西元1574-西元1646)，他寫過許多本短篇故事集。
他曾經以北宋王朝一個非常著名的名人為主角創造了一個虛構的故事，這個名人的名字叫做蘇軾(西元1037-西元1101)。
蘇軾是宋王朝的一個著名的大臣，他也是一個著名文學家與詩人。在馮夢龍的這篇小說中，他因為得罪了當時的一個名字叫做王安石的宰相，所以他被調任到中國的浙江省的湖州市，他遠離了當時的政治權力中心。
這件事情發生三年後，蘇軾不小心又再次得罪的那個名字叫做王安石的宰相，他這次被調任到中國的湖北省的黃州市擔任一個沒有實際權力的職位，黃州市是當時一座發展程度非常落後的城市。
人事命令發布幾天之後，蘇軾帶著他的家人到了黃州市就職。
由於蘇軾的職位沒有掌握實際的權力，所以他的薪水也非常的差，但是蘇軾是一個很樂觀開朗的人，很快的，他就在黃州市認識了很多人。
這些人中的一個後來成為他的好朋友，這個好朋友跟他一樣故鄉在四川，這個好朋友的名字叫做陳季常。
蘇軾到黃州大約一年後，在農曆九月九日這一天，蘇軾拉著陳季常的手開心地走到自己的花園中，他要跟陳季常一起欣賞那幾株前兩天還開得很茂盛的那幾株菊花，就在這個時候，蘇軾突然瞪大與張大嘴巴，他露出很震驚的表情。
陳季常被蘇軾反常的反應嚇到，陳季常很緊張的拉著蘇軾的手說。
你怎麼了，為何你露出那麼震驚的表情呢?
沉默了幾分鐘，蘇軾緩緩的對陳季常說了他第二次得罪王安石的經過。說完這個故事後，蘇軾繼續說。
在我的印象中，菊花是一種生命力很強的花朵，當有惡劣的天氣發生時，菊花會變的枯萎甚是枯乾，但是菊花的花瓣卻幾乎不會掉落。
我覺得這應該是一個基本常識但是王安石卻不知道，所以我在王安石寫的詩後面加上兩句話。
秋天的菊花花瓣不像春天的花朵一樣容易掉落，請讓我提醒你這個事情。
我今天才知道為何王安石在我離開首都之前對我說那些話。
你到了黃州要多讀書，你的知識量還不夠，我今天才理解為何他要把我調任到黃州市。
陳季常聽完蘇軾的話後，他拍拍蘇軾的肩膀然後說。
古代的人們曾經留下這些智慧的言語，
就算你很有智慧且知識很豐富，但是你還是要謹慎的說話，就算你知道很多事情，你還是要學會保持沉默，在很多情況之下，你只要輕輕點頭就好，你不要發表太多意見。
蘇軾聽完陳季常的話後，他回答說。
這次我被調任到黃州這的地方，我原本心中充滿了怒氣，但在今天過後，我釋懷了，我曾以為我是一個有著真切的認知與明確的見解的人，所以我在很多事情上都表現出對他人的輕視的態度，我現在才發現，原來最愚昧的人就是我自己。
蘇軾是一個心胸很開闊的人，他說完這一些話後笑著拉著陳季常的手說。
今天是個好日子，這些掉落在地上的菊花也非常的美，我們照我們原訂的計畫，讓我們一起喝酒快樂吧。
這句成語直接翻譯的意思是真切的認知與明確的見解。
這句成語被用來形容一個有著真切的認知與明確的見解的人。
親愛的朋友，你聽完這個故事有怎樣的啟發或有怎樣的想法呢。
當別人說錯話時，你會直接糾正別人的錯誤嗎? 你是否曾經因為某個事件，發現自己的愚昧?
我期待這故事能讓你產生一些新的收穫。
出處為明-馮夢龍-警世通言-卷3王安石三難蘇學士
https://zh.wikisource.org/zh-hant/%E8%AD%A6%E4%B8%96%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%80/%E7%AC%AC03%E5%8D%B7
Genuine understanding and clear insights(真知灼見)
This blog was created with the aim of
introducing Chinese culture to international friends. For the sake of simplicity
and ease of understanding, official titles have been translated into their
commonly used names. This is for the sake of convenience, not historical
accuracy. If you wish to consult more rigorous historical materials, please
refer to the sources listed at the end of the article.
Feng Menglong (1574–1646 AD) was a famous
novelist and playwright from the Ming dynasty in China who wrote many
collections of short stories.
He once wrote a fictional story featuring
Su Shi (1037–1101 AD), a very famous figure from the Northern Song dynasty.
Su Shi was a renowned minister, writer and
poet of the Song Dynasty. In Feng Menglong's story, Su Shi offends a prime
minister named Wang Anshi and is consequently transferred to Huzhou City in
Zhejiang Province, far from the political centre of power. Three years later,
Su inadvertently offended Wang again. This time, he was transferred to
Huangzhou in Hubei Province to a position of little power. Huangzhou was a very
underdeveloped city at the time.
A few days after the personnel order was
issued, Su Shi arrived in Huangzhou with his family to take up his post.
As his position lacked real power, his
salary was very modest. However, he was an optimistic and cheerful person and
quickly made many friends in Huangzhou.
One of these people later became his good
friend. Like Su Shi, this friend was from Sichuan. His name was Chen Jichang.
About a year after Su Shi arrived in
Huangzhou, on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, he happily walked hand in
hand with Chen Jichang into his garden. He wanted to admire the chrysanthemums
which had been in full bloom just two days earlier. Suddenly, Su Shi's eyes
widened, his mouth gaped open and he looked utterly shocked.
Startled by Su Shi's reaction, Chen Jichang
asked what was wrong. He nervously grabbed Su Shi's hand and asked,
'What's wrong? Why do you look so shocked?'
After a few minutes of silence, Su Shi
slowly recounted how he had offended Wang Anshi for the second time. After
telling the story, Su Shi continued,
'In my opinion, chrysanthemums are very
resilient flowers. When the weather is bad, they wither and dry up, but their
petals hardly fall off.
I thought this was common knowledge, but
Wang Anshi didn't know, so I added two lines to the end of his poem.
Autumn chrysanthemum petals don't fall off
as easily as spring flowers. Please let me remind you of this.'
Now I understand why Wang Anshi said those
things to me when I left the capital.
"You need to study more in Huangzhou —
your knowledge is still insufficient. Today, I understand why he transferred me
to Huangzhou."
After listening to Su Shi's words, Chen
Jichang patted him on the shoulder and said,
'The ancients left behind these wise
sayings:
'Even if you are very wise and
knowledgeable, you must still be careful with your words. Even if you know many
things, you must learn to remain silent.' In many situations, a simple nod is
enough; don't offer too many opinions.'
Su Shi replied after listening to Chen
Jichang:
'Initially, I was angry about being
transferred to Huangzhou, but I've let it go today. I used to think I was a
person with genuine understanding and clear insights, so I showed disdain for
others in many matters. Now I realise that I was the most foolish person.'
Su Shi was a magnanimous person. After
saying this, he smiled and took Chen Jichang's hand.
'Today is a good day, and these fallen
chrysanthemums are beautiful too. Let's stick to our original plan and enjoy a
drink together."
This idiom literally translates as 'genuine
understanding and clear insight'.
It is used to describe a person with
genuine understanding and clear insight.
Dear friend, what inspiration or thoughts
did you gain from this story?
Do you directly correct someone when they
make a mistake? Have you ever realised your own ignorance because of an event?
I hope this story will give you some new
insights.